vitamins are special substances that the body needsalong with proteinsfatscarbohydrates and minerals.
1 as good luck as had the cow that stuck herself with her own horn
Things. grew worse with me, who have had «as good luck as the cow that stuck herself with her own horn». (E. Bulwer-Lytton, ‘Pelhan’, ch. IV) — Дела. были плохи: мне повезло, как повезло корове, которая боднула себя своим же рогом.
2 that wont take with me
3 That’s fine with me!
4 he that lies down with dogs must rise up with fleas
If you lie with the dogs, you’ll get up with fleas, and that’s the fruits of travelling with a fool. (DEP) — Как говорится, с собакой ляжешь, блохастым встанешь. Вот вам результат поездки с дураком.
5 ad hoc working group of legal and technical experts for the harmonisation of data on production, imports, and exports of substances that deplete the ozone layer
6 list of substances that pose little or no risk to the environment
7 (in the simple special case that) X has the given form
8 A truth that’s told with bad intent Beats all the Lies you can invent
9 Amendment to the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer
10 Archon (In Gnosticism, any of a number of world-governing powers that were created with the material world by a subordinate deity called the Demiurge, or Creator)
11 HSE (consequences that are unacceptable with respect to personnel health or safety, or the environment. key element of risk)
12 Hinduism (The dominant religion of India that emphasizes dharma with its resulting ritual and social observances and often mystical contemplation and ascetic practices)
13 Montreal Protocol (on Substances That Deplete the Ozone Layer)
14 Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer
15 Qodashim (The fifth of the six major divisions, or orders, of the Mishna that deals primarily with rites and sacrifices that took place in the Temple of Jerusalem)
16 Ryobu Shinto (Dual Aspect Shinto, in Japanese religion, the syncretic school that combined Shinto with the teachings of the Shingon sect of Buddhism)
17 Sanno Ichijitsu Shinto (In Japanese religion, the syncretic school that combined Shinto with the teachings of the Tendai sect of Buddhism)
18 Special Committee on the Situation with regard to the Implementation of the Declaration on the Granting of Independence to Colonial Countries and Peoples, Committee on Decolonization (UN)
19 a body sleek with health
20 a building that will wed with the landscape
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Vitamins
Vitamins are special organic substances which are indispensable for the organism. They do not provide energy and are not plastic materials, but they participate in metabolism as catalysts. They are necessary for the formation of the tissue which influences the transformation of substances in the cells and tissues of the organism.
N. Lunin, a Russian doctor, was the first to establish (in 1880) the presence of these substances (later named vitamins) in food. About 20 vitamins are known today. They are marked by letters А, В, C, D, K, P, etc. The chemical composition and physiological role of most vitamins have already been determined. Some vitamins (B and C) are water soluble, while others (A, D, E, K) are soluble only in fats. The daily requirement of vitamins is measured in milligrams and even parts of a milligram.
Fresh, varied food usually contains enough vitamins for the organism.
Vitamin A is found in green plants and is necessary for proper growth of bones, nutrition of the eye cornea and for proper functioning of night vision.
Vitamin В is a really complicated group of vitamins, twelve of which have now been identified. Some of them are necessary for growth, proper functioning of the nervous system, proper formation of the erythrocytes.
Vitamin C is the vitamin which prevents scurvy and is found in fresh vegetables and citrus
Vitamin D prevents rickets, vitamin E deficiency may lead to infertility.
Prolonged deficiency of any vitamin results in a disease known as avitaminosis. Most avitaminoses are accompanied by reduced resistance of the organism to infection, incorrect development and retarded growth in children.
Vitamins are widely used for medical purposes, many of them are produced synthetically.
Exercise 10. Answer the questions.
What are the functions of vitamins?
How many vitamins are known today?
What are the water soluble vitamins?
What are the fat soluble vitamins?
What is vitamin А (В, C, D, E) necessary for?
What is avitaminosis?
II. Grammar Exercises
Exercise 1. Name the parts of speech of the following words.
Basic, significant, useful, elimination, eliminate, devotion, occurrence, importance, incidental, needless, constantly, infection, infectious, pleasure, version.
Exercise 2. a) Learn the meanings of the verbs.
to influence — впливати на, діяти на followed by — за яким іде із наступним
to affect — діяти на, впливати на it follows — із якого випливає
to follow — слідкувати за, супроводжувати as follows — таким чином
слідкувати, спостерігати за follow-up — наступне медичне
розуміти спостереження, облік
слідувати (методу і т.д.) follow-up study — тривале дослідження;
дослідження віддалених результатів
b) Translate the sentences.
These results were affected by the presence of a virus.
The reaction was followed by a temperature rise.
The color is influenced by the heat.
Such diseases are influenced by the general conditions of the climate.
The results were not affected by the technique.
This paper was followed by another one.
It follows that vitamins are necessary for the organism.
They are conducting a follow-up study.
Exercise 3. Fill in the blanks with the necessary adverbs. Pay attention to their place in the sentence.
thoroughly — ретельно roughly’ — грубо
widely — широко somewhat — дещо
rapidly — швидко generally — звичайно
frequently — часто periodically — періодично
1. Blood constituents are . used in clinics. 2. They . wash their hands with running water. 3. Six other elements are found in . the same proportions. 4. It is . recognized that the primeval life developed in the waters of the Earth. 5. With the increase in atomic weight the chemical elements, . and at definite intervals, show similar properties. 6. Temperature rise is . accompanied by intramolecular changes. 7. Sodium and chlorine react . and produce the white solid called sodium chloride. 8. . the properties of the reagents are quite different.
Exercise 4. You must differentiate.
дія ще не почалася
Translate the sentences into Ukrainian.
The doctor still needs up-to-date methods of patients’ treatment.
This disease is still dangerous.
The journal still provides cancer information.
This question has not been discussed yet.
Is the nurse still away? — Yes, she is. She hasn’t come yet.
That disease is yet unknown.
Exercise 5. Translate the sentences with the word time.
time — час; раз from time to time — час від часу
at a time — одночасно in (on) time — вчасно
for the first time — вперше it is time — пора
next time — наступний раз But! багато часу — long time
Вперше про цю хворобу почули ще в 1801 році.
Пора йти на операцію (оперувати).
Час від часу медсестра заходить в палату.
200 пацієнтів лікуються в лікарні одночасно.
Десь в цю пору він приходить додому.
Наступного разу він хоче прийти вчасно.
Exercise 6. Put Passive instead of Active, translate the sentences. Model: We speak about the problem.
The problem is spoken about by us.
The lungs exrete carbodioxide and water.
The liver exretes bile (жовч).
The blood carries oxygen through the body.
They prepared vaccine for influenza.
The doctor prescribes medicines.
The scientists pay much attention to infectious diseases.
Источник
Vitamins are special organic substa
Vitamins are special organic substances which are indispensable for the organism. They do not provide energy and are not plastic materiels, but they participate in metabolism as catalysts. They are necessary for the formation of tissue enzymes which influence the transformation of substances in the cells and tissues of the organism.N. Lunin, a Russian doctor, was the first to establish (in 1880) the presence of these substances (later named vitamins) in the food.About 20 vitamins are known today. They are marked by letters A, B, C, D, E, K, P, etc. The chemical composition and physiological role of most vitamins have already been determined. Some vitamins are water soluble (B and C) are water soluble , while others (A, E, K) are soluble only in fats. The daily requirements of vitamins is measured in milligrams and even parts of a milligram.Fresh varied food usually contains enough vitamins for the organism.Vitamin A is found in green plants and is necessary for the proper growth of bones, for the nutrition of the eye cornea and for the proper functioning of night vision.
19:16:14
Vitamin B is really a complicated group of vitamins, twelve of which have now been identified. Some of these are necessary for growth, proper functioning of the nervous system, the proper formation of erythrocytes.
Vitamin C is the vitamin which prevents scurvy and is found in fresh vegetables and in citrus fruits.
Vitamin D prevents rickets, vitamin E deficiency may lead to infertility.
Prolonged deficiency of any vitamin results in a disease known as avitaminosis. Most avitaminoses are accompanied by reduced resistance of the organism to infection, incorrect development and retarded growth in children.
Vitamins are widely used for medical purposes, many of them are produced synthetically.
Витамины являются специальные органические вещества , которые необходимы для организма. Они не обеспечивают энергию и не являются пластиковые MATERIELS, но они участвуют в обмене веществ в качестве катализаторов. Они необходимы для формирования тканевых ферментов , которые влияют на превращение веществ в клетках и тканях organism.N. Лунин, русский врач, был первым , чтобы установить (в 1880 году) присутствие этих веществ (позже названные витамины) в food.About 20 витаминов известны сегодня. Они обозначены буквами А, В, С, D, Е, К, Р, и т.д. Химический состав и физиологическая роль большинства витаминов уже были определены. Некоторые витамины растворимы в воде (В и С), растворимы в воде, в то время как другие (А, Е, К) , растворимы только в жирах. Ежедневные потребности витаминов измеряется в миллиграммах и даже частей milligram.Fresh варьировала пищи обычно содержит достаточное количество витаминов для organism.Vitamin А содержится в зеленых растениях и необходим для правильного роста костей, для питания глаза роговица и для надлежащего функционирования ночного видения.
19:16:14
Витамин B действительно сложная группа витаминов, двенадцать из которых теперь были идентифицированы. Некоторые из них необходимы для роста, нормального функционирования нервной системы, правильного формирования эритроцитов.
Витамин С является витамин , который предотвращает цингу и содержится в свежих овощах и в цитрусовых.
Витамин D предотвращает рахит, дефицит витамина Е может привести к бесплодию.
Продолжительный дефицит каких — либо результатов витамина в болезни , известной как авитаминоза. Большинство авитаминозов сопровождаются пониженной резистентности организма к инфекции, неправильное развитие и задержке роста у детей.
Витамины широко используются в медицинских целях, многие из них производятся синтетически.
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