Английские словосочетания по теме БОЛЕЗНИ и ЗДОРОВЬЕ
Знакомимся с английскими словосочетаниями по теме “БОЛЕЗНИ И ЗДОРОВЬЕ” в контексте.
There are a number of lifestyle changes you can make to improve your overall health and increase your life expectancy (how long you are expected to live) – you can quit smoking, reduce stress, eat a balanced diet, get plenty of sleep, and exercise regularly. It’s also important to get vaccinations/immunizations to prevent diseases. No matter how healthy you are, it’s still a good idea to have health insurance – a program/plan to cover expenses in case of an accident or serious illness.
If you’re in a car accident, you might suffer/sustain serious injuries. Of course, if you’re wearing your seatbelt, you’re more likely to have only minor injuries. If you’ve broken/fractured a bone – for example, your leg – the doctor will put your leg in a cast. If you have a cut, the doctor will give you stitches. If you have a burn, the doctor will give you an ointment to prevent infection.
If you have a minor ailment like a headache, you can take some aspirin to relieve the pain (reduce the effects of the pain). If you suffer from a chronic condition (a condition that continues for a long time) like allergies, asthma, back pain, or depression, there are both over-the-counter and prescription medications that can help alleviate the symptoms (an over-the-counter medication is one that you can buy without a doctor’s prescription).
When someone has a minor respiratory infection, we say they have a cold. Don’t get too close to that person, because you could catch a cold, too! You can “catch” other types of contagious diseases as well – such as sexually-transmitted diseases (STDs).
If someone is diagnosed with a more serious illness such as cancer or AIDS, they’ll need more extensive treatment. When a disease has progressed so far that it will be impossible to cure, then the patient is said to be terminally ill – in other words, the person will definitely die of the disease soon.
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Фразовые глаголы по теме здоровье
I think you’re going down with the flu. – Я думаю, у тебя грипп.
- pick something up – что-то подхватить
You’ve probably picked something up. – Ты, возможно, что-то подхватил.
- break out in – покрыться (потом, сыпью)
He broke out in sweat. – Он покрылся потом.
- throw up (bring something up) – стошнить
He may even throw up. – Его, наверное, даже стошнит.
I’ve been throwing up all night. – Меня рвало всю ночь.
- black out – на мгновение терять сознание
pass out – терять сознание
I passed out. — Я потеряла сознание.
- swell up — опухать
The glands don’t swell up. – Гланды не опухают.
- flare up – вспыхнуть снова, обостриться (о болезни)
The illness may flare up again. – Болезнь может вспыхнуть снова.
Сказать, что человек выздоравливает на английском с помощью фразовых глаголов…
- ease off – ослабляться, облегчиться
Muscle pains won’t ease off for a few days. – Боль в мышцах не облегчится несколько дней.
- fight off — бороться (с болезнью)
This helps your body to fight off the illnesses. – Это поможет твоему телу бороться с болезнью.
- shake off – избавляться (от болезни), бороться (с болезнью)
You can’t shake off cough for a week. – Ты не сможешь избавиться от кашля за неделю.
- to patch someone up – подлечить кого-то (подлатать кого-то)
He tried to patch her up. – Он попытался ее подлечить (подлечить).
- get over – побеждать, одолевать (болезнь)
He is getting over the heart attack. – Он переживает (выздоравливает от) сердечного приступа.
How long will it take me to get it over. – Как долго я буду выздоравливать.
I hope I’ll get over your cold soon. – Я надеюсь, ты выздоровеешь от простуды вскоре.
- come around – прийти в себя
I came around after a few seconds. – Я пришла в себя через несколько секунд.
Самочувствие, вес, употребление (чего-либо)…
- to be blocked up – иметь заложенный нос
I was blocked up when I was in Paris. – У меня был заложенный нос, когда я был в Париже.
- be worn out – быть измотанным
I was absolutely worn out at the end of the day. – Я была абсолютно измотана в конце дня.
- a bit run down – немного измотанный
You are a bit run down. – Ты немного измотан.
- put on weight – прибавить в весе
You should put on weight. – Тебе следует прибавить в весе.
- get through – употреблять
I get through about 10 cigarettes a day. – Я употребляю 10 сигарет в день.
Лечение…
- write out a prescription – выписать рецепт
I’ll write out a prescription for some vitamins. – Я выпишу вам немного витамин.
- to dose up on (something) – принять (лекарства)
I have to dose up on Panadol. — Мне нужно принять панадол.
- cut down on — уменьшать
Try to cut down on the amount of smoking. — Попытайся меньше курить.
- take up – заняться
You can take up jogging. – Ты можешь заняться бегом.
- cut out – отказаться от
You should cut out fatty food. – Тебе следует отказаться от жирной пищи.
- look after – присматривать
She looked after the child. – Она присмотрела за ребенком.
Идиомы на тему самочувствия
- feeling under the weather – чувствовать себя не хорошо
I feel a bit under the weather. – Я чувствую себя немного не хорошо.
- feeling a bit off colour – чувствовать немного нехорошо (бледновато)
He is looking a bit off colour. – Он выглядит немного нехорошо.
- be out of condition – в плохом состоянии, не в форме
You’re out of condition. – Ты не в форме.
- feel right as rain – чувствовать себя освеженной, чувствовать себя как младенец
You’ll feel right as rain. – Ты почувствуешь себя как младенец.
- be as right as rain – чувствовать себя в полном порядке, здоров как лошадь
He’ll be as right as rain in about 10 minutes. – Через 10 минут он будет в полном порядке.
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Фразовые глаголы в медицине
специалист в области арт-терапии
Пояснительная записка.
Цель данного пособия – показать, чем отличается значения фразовых глаголов общих от медицинских. Фразовые глаголы — изюминка английского языка. Изучая английский, многие испытывают трудности в освоении фразовых глаголов. Дело в том, что они умеют быстро и неожиданно менять свои значения и их очень много. Особенно часто фразовых глаголы они встречаются в разговорном английском. Фразовые глаголы представляют собой практически бесчисленную группу глаголов, которые в сочетании с различными предлогами или короткими наречиями могут принимать разнообразные новые значения. В строгом смысле, существует три вида фразовых глаголов: Непосредственно фразовые глаголы (phrasal verbs), образованные с помощью наречий:
give up — сдаваться, прекращать
find out — выяснить, узнать
take off — взлететь, быстро уйти
Предложные глаголы (prepositional verbs):
go on — продолжать
look after — заботиться, присматривать
come across — наткнуться, случайно найти
Фразово-предложные глаголы (phrasal-prepositional verbs), содержащие и наречие, и предлог:
put up with — терпеть, мириться с чем-либо
come up with — придумывать
look up to — уважать, брать пример
Phrasal verbs have their own special uses in the medical workplace. This phrasal verb study can help you medical Magooshers prepare not only for the test, but also for your future hospital work.
As you might have already realized, medicine is more emotional and dramatic than many other professions. Because of this, there’s a lot of nuance (small and important details) in how words should be used in different situations.
“ Set up” in the medical profession
The use of “set up” in medicine is a lot like the use of “set up” in other workplace settings. “Set up” means to arrange something or physically put something together.
Rounds—the activity of visiting and talking to different patients—can be set up as well as carried out . To set up a round is to arrange a schedule that determines which doctor or nurse will visit the patients on certain days. Setting up a schedule usually also involves deciding the timetables of patient visits—how long each patient visit will take, which patients are seen first and last, that sort of thing.
Heavy medical equipment with multiple parts is said to be set up. An ultrasound or x-ray must be set up before they can be used on a patient. And an IV, feeding tube, or other invasive medical device would certainly be set up—they involve the carful combination of different machine parts with human body parts.
A medical procedure that has to be done only under specific physical conditions is set up. Surgeries are set up when surgical tools are arranged in a room, all participants sanitize their hands and put on gloves, and the patient is put to sleep with sedative medicine. In a less complex example, you could also say that a blood pressure measurement is “set up,” because you need to have the patient roll up his or her sleeve, and then you need to strap on the blood pressure arm cuff, fill it with air, release the air, and watch the meter.
“ Point out” in the medical profession
“ Point out” can be used to draw attention to information, as in “I’d like to point out that the patient took this medicine before, and it didn’t help.” This phrase can also be used to point attention to something physical, as in “let me point out the fracture on the rib, here in the x-ray.”
When it’s used to draw attention to a piece of information, “point out” has a forceful connotation. Use of the phrase suggests authority, and may even suggest that you’re annoyed that no one has seemed to notice the piece of information you are now mentioning.
Because of this, in medical settings “point out” is often used by people in management. Lead doctors or head nurses will point out information to lower-ranking medical staff. A doctor may point out that nurse forgot to visit every patient on her rounds, or a nurse may point out that a nurse’s assistant forgot to properly wash their hands before working with a patient. You’d only want to use “point out” with a colleague in an urgent or serious situation, and you wouldn’t want to “point out” information to your boss in a clinic or hospital.
“ Point out” has a more neutral connotation when it’s used to draw attention to something physical. It’s perfectly polite to point out a physical object or feature to your boss, your colleagues, people you supervise, or patients. You can point out an irregularity in a vital sign such as a patient’s heartbeat. Often, you will also ask patients to point out things on their bodies, pointing out a spot where they feel pain or have a lump for example.
“ Go on” in medical English
In hospital and clinical contexts, “go on” is a gentle way of asking someone to continue with what they’re saying. “Go on” is especially useful when you want to encourage a patient to give you more information about their situation. Often patients may have trouble describing their symptoms. They may feel very tired, pained or afraid as they struggle to explain an illness or injury. Telling the patient to “go on” in a soothing but firm voice can help a patient to give you all the info you need.
“ Go on” can also work with medical co-workers who are distraught. Treating the sick and injured carries its own emotional burdens. You can use this phrase as a reassuring way to tell your co-workers that you know they’re upset, but you still need a little more information in order to help their patient.
“ Go on” can also be used in a narrative sense—it’s a common phrase in descriptions of medical events and timelines of patient treatment. In its past tense form “went on,” this phrase is used in medical reporting and in spoken explanations of past treatments. You could say, for instance, that a patient complained of aches and pains, and that you went on to take the patient’s temperature, and then later went on to prescribe fever medicine to the patient (or perhaps went on to admit the patient into the hospital).
“ Carry out” in medical English
The phrasal verb “carry out” suggests the completion of a task that is either difficult or takes time. In medical settings, this often refers to a serious medical procedure. You can talk about surgeons carrying out an operation such as an appendectomy or the removal of a brain tumor. Biopsies and medical lab tests are carried out too, as they involve intense scientific analysis of specimens.
“ Carry out” also refers to planned treatments that take time. In this case, either a medical professional or a patient might carry out the treatments; it depends on the type of treatment. A doctor might carry out a series of electroconvulsive treatments (ECT) on a patient suffering from neurological problems. Because patients themselves don’t actively participate in ECT (and are usually not even conscious during ECT), only the doctor would carry ECT out.
However, many longer treatments require active participation from both patients and medical professionals. If a nurse is helping a patient with long-term physical therapy, you could say that either the nurse or patient are carrying out the physical therapy.
“ Carry out” is also often used in medicine to describe the routine habitual duties of medical professionals. When someone says that a doctor or nurse is “carrying out rounds,” it means they are walking around to speak to each of their patients. And a pharmacist could be said to carry out prescriptions for the day, since filling prescriptions for patients involves repeated actions—reading the doctor’s order, filling bottles and bags with medicine, and giving the medicine to the patients.
Macmillan English dictionary for advance learners, international student edition 2007
Longman dictionary English language and culture. 2002/
Англо-русский словарь: ок. 60000 слов и выражений. Серия «Классика». Репритное издание.- М. Млист Нью, 2004
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